An automobile's starting system mainly consists of a starter and a starting control circuit. Malfunctions include mechanical and electrical problems. Common failure phenomena include the starter not turning, the starter rotating weakly, the starter idling and the engine not starting, the starter continuing to turn even after the engine has started, and the drive gear and flywheel ring gear not meshing and making abnormal noises. ,And so on.
1. Starter does not rotate.
Usually the starter will not turn on for the following reasons:
●The battery is draining rapidly and the battery does not work due to lack of power.
●There is a poor contact in the wiring section, and if it hits a vehicle, the connector may come loose or become oxidized and contaminated. 3. Starter switch is damaged.
●Relay failure. For starters with a starting relay or combination of relays in the starting circuit, a faulty relay will prevent the starter from turning. The relay contacts are oxidized and soldered, making it impossible to connect the electromagnetic switch circuit. The contact gap is too large or the relay coil is shorted or disconnected, the relay contacts cannot close, and the electromagnetic switch circuit is blocked.
●Starting failures such as electromagnetic switch failure, commutator oxidation, brush contact failure, disconnection or short circuit between the armature circuit and field winding.
The main cause of electromagnetic switch failures is oxidation of the contacts due to the action of strong current, resulting in poor contact. If the motor is faulty, it will not be able to form a complete circuit internally and the starter will not rotate.
2. Booting does not work properly.
The launcher is not working properly and the possible reasons are:
●The power supply battery is low.
●Poor contact at wiring connection.
●Starting failure is mainly caused by a defective DC motor.
If the armature winding turns are short-circuited or the magnetic field of the windings is shorted, the armature current strength and magnetic field strength will be weakened and the starter will not be able to operate.
If the commutator is dirty, the brush springs are not elastic enough, or there are too many brushes, the resistance in the circuit will increase and the motor torque will decrease. If the bearing is overtightened, mechanical losses will increase, and this failure will also reduce the operation of the starter.
3. After starting the engine, the starter will remain on.
The starter continues to operate. This means that the contact plate of the electromagnetic switch is always in contact with the two main wire columns. Next he has three cases.
●The contact disc and contacts of the electromagnetic switch are sintered.
●The transmission fork spring is too soft or broken, and the movable iron core and contact plate cannot be reset.
●The contacts of the starting relay or combination relay are sintered contacts, and both main ends of the electromagnetic switch are always connected.
●The starter becomes idle and the engine cannot be started. The cause of the failure is slipping of the one-way clutch.
●There is no ring gear between the drive gear and the meshing ring, causing abnormal noise.
The defect is at the point where the two teeth interlock. There are three possibilities:
● The one-way clutch drive gear is damaged.
●Flywheel ring gear is damaged.
●The starter mounting bolt is loose and the two teeth do not mesh properly.